12/16/2023 0 Comments Offset vice tool![]() ![]() Often it may not be desirable to use the full hardness possible with the allow, perhaps because it will be too brittle or too hard to work. Tempering is a heat treating process that is used to reduce the hardness of a material to a defined level. Use of a tapping speed provides a quick and efficient means of driving a tap into the workpiece.Ī word that selects a specific tool in a part program. If equipped with a reversing mechanism, the head will reverse the direction of rotation when pressure is released so that the tap may be withdrawn. Tapping heads have clutches, gears, and may have reversing mechanisms. Tapping HeadĪ tapping head is a device that goes into a machine spindle (could be a mill or a drill press) for the purpose of matching the spindles speed with the motion that is ideal for tapping. Higher end machines generally use tapered gibs in preference to straight gibs, although not exclusively. Tapered gibs are simpler to adjust because you don’t have to try to balance out the force on all the screws as you would with straight gibs, and they often provide better contact and more uniform wear. Because tapered gibs are wider on one end than the other, they slide in or out creating more or less contact between the sliding mechanisms. One screw acts as an adjustment while the other screw acts as a locking mechanism. The screws are located in each end of the tapered gib. The screws push the gib in to create more contact with the sliding mechanisms. Straight gibs are adjusted by screws spaced out along the length of the gib. There are two types of gibs, straight gibs and tapered gibs. There are a number of links with specs for Machine Tapers on our Reference Sources page. ![]() The Morse tapers are more popular in Europe as an alternative to the R-8. It is generally used on smaller CNC machines. The R-8 taper was introduced on the Bridgeport manual milling machines. HSK holders are a more recent attempt to improve on the CAT taper, and they are gaining slow acceptance. It is called CAT because it was a standard created by Caterpillar, at one time the world’s largest consumer of CNC machines, when they grew tired of dealing with the large number of standards that existed at the time. ![]() The machine pulls on the pull stud to hold the holder in the spindle, and the groove in the flange gives the automatic tool changer something to hold onto. Most commercial CNC machines in the USA use a CAT taper which is a modified NST 30, 40, or 50 taper that uses a pull stud and a groove in the flange. Unlike almost all other tapers, R-8 and Morse can refer to both a collet and a toolholder shank. There are many tapers associated with CNC including ISO, BT, CAT, R-8, Morse, Jacobs, SK, and HSK. A Mach 3 feature that lets the A-axis rotate so that a knife or other cutter is kept aligned with the direction of travel. ![]()
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